famous criminals in the 1950s

He, too, had left his home shortly before 7:00 p.m. on the night of the robbery and met the Boston police officer soon thereafter. Interviewed again on December 28, 1955, he talked somewhat more freely, and it was obvious that the agents were gradually winning his respect and confidence. Pino was determined to fight against deportation. He was not with the gang when the robbery took place. The descriptions and serial numbers of these weapons were carefully noted since they might prove a valuable link to the men responsible for the crime. A passerby might notice that it was missing. Three of the newspapers used to wrap the bills were identified. - Attempted bank robberies were less after the Public Enemy Era. It was given to him in a suitcase that was transferred to his car from an automobile occupied by McGinnis and Banfield. Reports had been received alleging that he had held up several gamblers in the Boston area and had been involved in shakedowns of bookies. The trip from the liquor store in Roxbury to the Brinks offices could be made in about 15 minutes. It appeared to him that he would spend his remaining days in prison while his co-conspirators would have many years to enjoy the luxuries of life. 5. Some of the best '50s gangster movies could also classify as being part of the film noir genre. Underworld rumors alleged that Maffie and Henry Baker were high on OKeefes list because they had beaten him out of a large amount of money. This lead was pursued intensively. An appeal was promptly noted, and he was released on $15,000 bond. Many tips were received from anonymous persons. In December 1954, he indicated to the agents that Pino could look for rough treatment if he (OKeefe) again was released. . That prison term, together with Pinos conviction in March 1928 for carnal abuse of a girl, provided the basis for the deportation action. Oklahoma's outlaw tales will transport you to the dusty days of yesteryear when six-shooter pistols and vigilantes terrorized Indian Territory. Due to unsatisfactory conduct, drunkenness, refusal to seek employment, and association with known criminals, his parole was revoked, and he was returned to the Massachusetts State Prison. After completing its hearings on January 9, 1953, the grand jury retired to weigh the evidence. All denied any knowledge of the alleged incident. From what I can tell, the man speaking behi. Two of the gang members moved toward the door to capture him; but, seeing the garage attendant walk away apparently unaware that the robbery was being committed, they did not pursue him. Baker fled and the brief meeting adjourned. By fixing this time as close as possible to the minute at which the robbery was to begin, the robbers would have alibis to cover their activities up to the final moment. All efforts to identify the gang members through the chauffeurs hat, the rope, and the adhesive tape which had been left in Brinks proved unsuccessful. During the period immediately following the Brinks robbery, the heat was on OKeefe and Gusciora. Following the robbery, authorities attempted unsuccessfully to locate him at the hotel. All were denied, and the impaneling of the jury was begun on August 7. Before his trial in McKean County, he was released on $17,000 bond. His records showed that he had worked on the offices early in April 1956 under instructions of Fat John. The loot could not have been hidden behind the wall panel prior to that time. The 1950s were a time of stark contradiction, where ideals and morals played against darkness, where families retained their optimism by turning to God and blaming Satan for all the evils in the world. While Maffie claimed that part of the money had been stolen from its hiding place and that the remainder had been spent in financing OKeefes legal defense in Pennsylvania, other gang members accused Maffie of blowing the money OKeefe had entrusted to his care. He told the interviewing agents that he trusted Maffie so implicitly that he gave the money to him for safe keeping. All had been published in Boston between December 4, 1955, and February 21, 1956. But the state's history also includes notorious figures such as bank robber . To muffle their footsteps, one of the gang wore crepe-soled shoes, and the others wore rubbers. Until the FBI and its partners painstakingly solved the case. Bank Robberies. His orginal charges were murder, he had blown up a accomplice in a massive black power explosion. And it nearly was. (On January 18, 1956, OKeefe had pleaded guilty to the armed robbery of Brinks.) As the investigation developed and thousands of leads were followed to dead ends, the broad field of possible suspects gradually began to narrow. California has its share of infamous criminals, but none as notable as Charles Manson, the cult leader whose followers carried out a murder spree in Hollywood in the late 1960s that took the life. Ted Bundy was an American serial killer who kidnapped, raped and murdered a number of women and girls during the mid and late 1970s. Despite the fact that substantial amounts of money were being spent by members of the robbery gang during 1954, in defending themselves against legal proceedings alone, the year ended without the location of any bills identifiable as part of the Brinks loot. OKeefes reputation for nerve was legend. The month preceding January 17, 1950, witnessed approximately a half-dozen approaches to Brinks. This occurred while he was in the state prison at Charlestown, Massachusetts, serving sentences for breaking and entering with intent to commit a felony and for having burglar tools in his possession. The robbers did little talking. 1. Extensive efforts were made to detect pencil markings and other notations on the currency that the criminals thought might be traceable to Brinks. He claimed there was a large roll of bills in his hotel roomand that he had found that money, too. His case had gone to the highest court in the land. All but Pino and Banfield stepped out and proceeded into the playground to await Costas signal. When this case was continued until April 1, 1954, OKeefe was released on $1,500 bond. Ronnie and Reggie Kray, born on October 23 1933, are possibly the most notorious of London's gangster history. From The Godfather to Scarface, famous gangsters are also part of American history. Underworld figures in Boston have generally speculated that the racketeer was killed because of his association with OKeefe. They were checked against serial numbers of bills known to have been included in the Brinks loot, and it was determined that the Boston criminal possessed part of the money that had been dragged away by the seven masked gunmen on January 17, 1950. A slew of recognizable inmates have been received at Folsom Prison, from musicians, actors, record label execs, and even famous criminals. Navy Arms Black Powder 44 Cal Parts Kit. On the afternoon of July 9, he was visited by a clergyman. Pino, Richardson, and Costa each took $20,000, and this was noted on a score sheet. The FBI further learned that four revolvers had been taken by the gang. On June 2, 1950, OKeefe and Gusciora left Boston by automobile for the alleged purpose of visiting the grave of Guscioras brother in Missouri. Photo: John R. Chapin / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain. In some ways I believe it is. The brothers were arrested in 1968 and sentenced to life imprisonment. Both had served prison sentences, and both were well known to underworld figures on the East Coast. OKeefe had left his hotel at approximately 7:00 p.m. Pino and Baker separately decided to go out at 7:00 p.m. Costa started back to the motor terminal at about 7:00 p.m. Other principal suspects were not able to provide very convincing accounts of their activities that evening. The FBIs analysis of the alibis offered by the suspects showed that the hour of 7:00 p.m. on January 17, 1950, was frequently mentioned. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. He was granted a full pardon by the acting governor of Massachusetts. On August 1, 1954, he was arrested at Leicester, Massachusetts, and turned over to the Boston police who held him for violating probation on a gun-carrying charge. While OKeefe and Gusciora lingered in jail in Pennsylvania, Pino encountered difficulties of his own. At 10:25 p.m. on October 5, 1956, the jury retired to weigh the evidence. In the end, the perfect crime had a perfect endingfor everyone but the robbers. The victims, ranging in age from 19 to 85, were sexually assaulted and strangled in their homes. $50.00 + $17.00 shipping. In a report which was released on January 16, 1953, the grand jury disclosed that its members did not feel they possessed complete, positive information as to the identify of the participants in the Brinks robbery because (1) the participants were effectively disguised; (2) there was a lack of eyewitnesses to the crime itself; and (3) certain witnesses refused to give testimony, and the grand jury was unable to compel them to do so. Banfield drove the truck to the house of Maffies parents in Roxbury. Thus, when he and Gusciora were taken into custody by state authorities during the latter part of January 1950, OKeefe got word to McGinnis to recover his car and the $200,000 that it contained. After receiving the go ahead signal from Costa, the seven armed men walked to the Prince Street entrance of Brinks. As long as he was in prison, he could do no physical harm to his Boston criminal associates. Despite the lack of evidence and witnesses upon which court proceedings could be based, as the investigation progressed there was little doubt that OKeefe had been one of the central figures in the Brinks robbery. Two of the prime suspects whose nerve and gun-handling experience suited them for the Brink's robbery were Joseph James O'Keefe and Stanley Albert Gusciora. The serial numbers of several of these bills were furnished to the FBI Office in Baltimore. Many problems and dangers were involved in such a robbery, and the plans never crystallized. The other gun was picked up by the officer and identified as having been taken during the Brinks robbery. All five employees had been forced at gunpoint to lie face down on the floor. The case of Marian Baker's murder began with a missing persons report. He was through with Pino, Baker, McGinnis, Maffie, and the other Brinks conspirators who had turned against him. He subsequently was convicted and executed.). None proved fruitful. A detailed search for additional weapons was made at the Mystic River. Oklahoma's Legendary Outlaws. Police who arrived to investigate found a large amount of blood, a mans shattered wrist watch, and a .45 caliber pistol at the scene. Nonetheless, several members of the Brinks gang were visibly shaken and appeared to be abnormally worried during the latter part of May and early in June 1954. During an interview with him in the jail in Springfield, Massachusetts, in October 1954, special agents found that the plight of the missing Boston racketeer was weighing on OKeefes mind. Some persons claimed to have seen him. As the loot was being placed in bags and stacked between the second and third doors leading to the Prince Street entrance, a buzzer sounded. After the truck parts were found, additional suspicion was attached to these men. After a period of hostility, he began to display a friendly attitude. Even with the recovery of this money in Baltimore and Boston, more than $1,150,000 of currency taken in the Brinks robbery remained unaccounted for. mork and mindy. Serious consideration originally had been given to robbing Brinks in 1947, when Brinks was located on Federal Street in Boston. Golden Age Pulp lot of 10 Fantastic Adventures 1940-1953. Also he tryed killing anthor accomplice by beating her in the head with a hammer. OKeefe and Gusciora reportedly had worked together on a number of occasions. Many other types of information were received. Costa was associated with Pino in the operation of a motor terminal and a lottery in Boston. Their hands were tied behind their backs and adhesive tape was placed over their mouths. On January 13, 1956, the Suffolk County grand jury returned indictments against the 11 members of the Brinks gang. One of the "board of governors" who took over for O'Banion in the North Side Gang, Weiss was considered "the only man Capone fearerd." The Polish born mobster was shot in 1926 . In addition, although violent dissension had developed within the gang, there still was no indication that any of the men were ready to talk. Based on the available information, however, the FBI felt that OKeefes disgust was reaching the point where it was possible he would turn against his confederates. Jazz Maffie was convicted of federal income tax evasion and began serving a nine-month sentence in the Federal Penitentiary at Danbury, Connecticut, in June 1954. On April 11, 1955, the Supreme Court ruled that Pinos conviction in 1948 for larceny (the sentence that was revoked and the case placed on file) had not attained such finality as to support an order of deportation. Thus, Pino could not be deported. She was supposedly a practicioner of black magic and voodoo. Both men remained mute following their arrests. (A detailed survey of the Boston waterfront previously had been made by the FBI.) Baker, a 21-year-old city resident who worked as a secretary at Franklin & Marshall College, disappeared on Jan. 10, 1950. The wall partition described by the Boston criminal was located in Fat Johns office, and when the partition was removed, a picnic-type cooler was found. The flowering plant is native to Europe and can grow up to 10 feet tall if left to grow for years. Evidently resigned to long years in prison or a short life on the outside, OKeefe grew increasingly bitter toward his old associates. As a cooperative measure, the information gathered by the FBI in the Brinks investigation was made available to the District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts. In that way, the world hasn't changed much since the atomic age. Through the interviews of persons in the vicinity of the Brinks offices on the evening of January 17, 1950, the FBI learned that a 1949 green Ford stake-body truck with a canvas top had been parked near the Prince Street door of Brinks at approximately the time of the robbery. Even before Brinks, Incorporated, offered a $100,000 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of the persons responsible, the case had captured the imagination of millions of Americans. First, there was the money. Christopher Scarver, a fellow prisoner who was already serving a life sentence for murder, killed Jeffrey Dahmer in 1994 when he was incarcerated. Paul Kenneth Bernardo has been coined "The Scarborough Rapist". 1950 in Huntington, West Virginia. The gang members who remained at the house of Maffies parents soon dispersed to establish alibis for themselves. In April 1950, the FBI received information indicating that part of the Brinks loot was hidden in the home of a relative of OKeefe in Boston. At least one-third of those murders were tribal women. The record of the state trial covered more than 5,300 pages. He worked closely with the most famous mobsters and Mafia members in the world . On June 12, 1950, they were arrested at Towanda, Pennsylvania, and guns and clothing that were the loot from burglaries at Kane and Coudersport, Pennsylvania, were found in their possession. Known as the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, the hit saw gunmen employed by Al Capone round up and slaughter seven members of the rival North Side Gang. Captain Marvel mask used as a disguise in the robbery. - Assination attempt on Harry S. Truman. Finally, after a stint in jail, she opened a shop in London that she used as a cover for selling stolen items. Scottsboro Boys Trial, Scottsboro, AL (1931-1937)Nine young black men and boys, ages 12 to 19, stand accused of raping two young white women, 21-year-old Victoria Price and 17-year-old Ruby Bates, while traveling on a train through rural Alabama. Two hours later he was dead. Two of the prime suspects whose nerve and gun-handling experience suited them for the Brinks robbery were Joseph James OKeefe and Stanley Albert Gusciora. At the time of their arrest, Faherty and Richardson were rushing for three loaded revolvers that they had left on a chair in the bathroom of the apartment. In the 1950s, most police forces were mostly white and almost exclusively male. OKeefe was the principal witness to appear before the state grand jurors. A man of modest means in Bayonne, New Jersey, was reported to be spending large sums of money in night clubs, buying new automobiles, and otherwise exhibiting newly found wealth. Debbie Reynolds, 18 years old. (Costa, who was at his lookout post, previously had arrived in a Ford sedan which the gang had stolen from behind the Boston Symphony Hall two days earlier.). Brinks customers were contacted for information regarding the packaging and shipping materials they used. By this time, Baker was suffering from a bad case of nerves. The money inside the cooler which was concealed in the wall of the Tremont Street office was wrapped in plastic and newspaper. During November and December 1949, the approach to the Brinks building and the flight over the getaway route were practiced to perfection. She was charged with murdering her nine-year-old daughter, two husbands, and a mother-in-law via arsenic poisoning in the late 1950s. Even if released, he thought, his days were numbered. The officer verified the meeting. . People regarded the police as a racially monolithic unit that did not reflect the true diversity of the U.S. During this visit, Gusciora got up from his bed, and, in full view of the clergyman, slipped to the floor, striking his head. FBI.gov is an official site of the U.S. Department of Justice. In addition to mold, insect remains also were found on the loot. Soon after OKeefes return in March 1954, Baker and his wife left Boston on a vacation.. He is the son of Joan Mavis Felton (Bradford) and Jean Henri Dourif, a French-born art collector who owned and operated a dye . After surrendering himself in December 1953 in compliance with an Immigration and Naturalization Service order, he began an additional battle to win release from custody while his case was being argued. His father was a famous landscape painter, Neil Welliver. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. During his brief stay in Boston, he was observed to contact other members of the robbery gang. Pino also was linked with the robbery, and there was every reason to suspect that OKeefe felt Pino was turning his back on him now that OKeefe was in jail. The Axe Man of New Orleans. Any doubts that the Brinks gang had that the FBI was on the right track in its investigation were allayed when the federal grand jury began hearings in Boston on November 25, 1952, concerning this crime. Harvey Miguel Robinson is one of the youngest serial killers in history, being just 18 when he was arrested and charged with the rape and murders of three people in Allentown: Joan Burghardt, a. After denying any knowledge of the escape of Trigger Burke, Pino was released. The robbers carefully planned routine inside Brinks was interrupted only when the attendant in the adjoining Brinks garage sounded the buzzer. 6263mm in metric notation, and .1873 Single-Action Cattleman Brass in 9mm. On the afternoon of August 28, 1954, Trigger Burke escaped from the Suffolk County jail in Boston, where he was being held on the gun-possession charge arising from the June 16 shooting of OKeefe. During this operation, a pair of glasses belonging to one of the employees was unconsciously scooped up with other items and stuffed into a bag of loot. Manson, who had a long history of crime and imprisonment, led a quasi-community nicknamed the Manson Family, who viewed . Apparently, they had planned a leisurely trip with an abundance of extracurricular activities.. Meyer Lansky - Estimated net worth - $400 million. 1950 Fox Feature FAMOUS CRIMES #16 GERBER 6 GOLDEN AGE 10 CENT ISSUE RARE. The following is a brief account of the data which OKeefe provided the special agents in January 1956: Although basically the brain child of Pino, the Brinks robbery was the product of the combined thought and criminal experience of men who had known each other for many years. As a government witness, he reluctantly would have testified against him. The Boston underworld rumbled with reports that an automobile had pulled alongside OKeefes car in Dorchester, Massachusetts, during the early morning hours of June 5. Had any particles of evidence been found in the loot which might directly show that they had handled it? Big Jim O'Leary was a powerful Irish mob boss in Chicago for more than a decade, controlling gambling on the city's South Side with an iron fist. Gob stoppers, The Dandy, the sixpenny rush and hiding behind the sofa from the Daleks: memories of childhood in the 1950s and 1960s On October 11, 1950, Gusciora was sentenced to serve from five to 20 years in the Western Pennsylvania Penitentiary at Pittsburgh. Information received from this individual linked nine well-known hoodlums with the crime. OKeefe immediately returned to Boston to await the results of the appeal. Veteran criminals throughout the United States found their activities during mid-January the subject of official inquiry. Ten of the persons who appeared before this grand jury breathed much more easily when they learned that no indictments had been returned. Lynette White. Rumors from the underworld pointed suspicion at several criminal gangs. Geagan claimed that he spent the evening at home and did not learn of the Brinks robbery until the following day. The Chronicle The Jack the Ripper of the Bay Area: Zodiac is our bogeyman. They were the first victims of the person who would become known as the Axeman of New Orleans. Even after these convictions, OKeefe and Gusciora continued to seek their release. All of them wore Navy-type peacoats, gloves, and chauffeurs caps. The new proceedings were based upon the fact that Pino had been arrested in December 1948 for a larceny involving less than $100. Soon the underworld rang with startling news concerning this pair. (McGinnis trial in March 1955 on the liquor charge resulted in a sentence to 30 days imprisonment and a fine of $1,000. Two days before Maffies release, another strong suspect died of natural causes. The eight men were sentenced by Judge Forte on October 9, 1956. The FBIs jurisdiction to investigate this robbery was based upon the fact that cash, checks, postal notes, and United States money orders of the Federal Reserve Bank and the Veterans Administration district office in Boston were included in the loot. In addition, McGinnis was named in two other complaints involving the receiving and concealing of the loot. All were guilty. An automobile identified as the car used in the escape was located near a Boston hospital, and police officers concealed themselves in the area. Pino had been questioned as to his whereabouts on the evening of January 17, 1950, and he provided a good alibi. This man subsequently identified locks from doors which the Brinks gang had entered as being similar to the locks which Pino had brought him. Faherty and Richardson fled to avoid apprehension and subsequently were placed on the list of the FBIs Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. 3 Blackbeard The roofs of buildings on Prince and Snow Hill Streets soon were alive with inconspicuous activity as the gang looked for the most advantageous sites from which to observe what transpired inside Brinks offices. His criminal career started as a teenager, when O'Leary worked for bookies in Long Beach, Indiana. The amusement arcade operator told the officer that he had followed the man who passed this $10.00 bill to a nearby tavern. From this lookout post, Costa was in a position to determine better than the men below whether conditions inside the building were favorable to the robbers. An acetylene torch had been used to cut up the truck, and it appeared that a sledge hammer also had been used to smash many of the heavy parts, such as the motor. Since Brinks was located in a heavily populated tenement section, many hours were consumed in interviews to locate persons in the neighborhood who might possess information of possible value. February 22, 1956.Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images Johnny Cash 5 Groundbreaking 19th-Century African American Artists The Campus Walkout That Led to America's First Black Studies . He was so cold and persistent in these dealings with his co-conspirators that the agents hoped he might be attempting to obtain a large sum of moneyperhaps his share of the Brinks loot. Each of the five lock cylinders was taken on a separate occasion. The Brinks case was front page news. He was not involved in the Brinks robbery. A second shooting incident occurred on the morning of June 14, 1954, in Dorchester, Massachusetts, when OKeefe and his racketeer friend paid a visit to Baker. The Boston hoodlum told FBI agents in Baltimore that he accepted six of the packages of money from Fat John. The following day (June 2, 1956), he left Massachusetts with $4,750 of these bills and began passing them. Fat John announced that each of the packages contained $5,000. In examining the bill, a Federal Reserve note, the officer observed that it was in musty condition. Crime boss Yoshinori Watanabe was known as "Mr. Gorilla," and mobster Hisayuki Machii was called "The Ginza Tiger."But perhaps the coolest Yakuza nickname belonged to mob boss Kazuo Taoka, head of the Yamaguchi-gumi, Japan's . The Bureau was convinced that it had identified the actual robbers, but evidence and witnesses had to be found. He was certain he would be considered a strong suspect and wanted to begin establishing an alibi immediately.) He arrived in Baltimore on the morning of June 3 and was picked up by the Baltimore Police Department that evening. (Geagan and Richardson, known associates of other members of the gang, were among the early suspects. Both OKeefe and Gusciora had been interviewed on several occasions concerning the Brinks robbery, but they had claimed complete ignorance. Those of us who watched The Untouchables on television in the late 50s and early 60s sat enthralled as Special Agent Eliot Ness chased down the Capone mob in one episode after another. Between 1950 and 1954, the underworld occasionally rumbled with rumors that pressure was being exerted upon Boston hoodlums to contribute money for these criminals legal fight against the charges in Pennsylvania. Neither Pino nor McGinnis was known to be the type of hoodlum who would undertake so potentially dangerous a crime without the best strong-arm support available. 1950 Fox Feature FAMOUS CRIMES #16 GERBER 6 GOLDEN AGE 10 CENT ISSUE RARE. The French queen's most famous scandal is the affair of the diamond necklace, an outrageous fraud perpetrated by jewel thieves using her name, but a previous incident was perhaps even more damaging to the royal prestige. Pino admitted having been in the area, claiming that he was looking for a parking place so that he could visit a relative in the hospital. None of these materialized because the gang did not consider the conditions to be favorable. At the outset, very few facts were available to the investigators. One of the world's most prolific serial killers might still be out there. During these weeks, OKeefe renewed his association with a Boston racketeer who had actively solicited funds for the defense of OKeefe and Gusciora in 1950. Shortly thereafterduring the first week of Novembera 1949 green Ford stake-body truck was reported missing by a car dealer in Boston. Of the hundreds of New England hoodlums contacted by FBI agents in the weeks immediately following the robbery, few were willing to be interviewed. Occasionally, an offender who was facing a prison term would boast that he had hot information. Ludovica Nasti and Elisa Del Genio in the first episode of HBO's 'My Brilliant Friend'. June 2, 1956, the Suffolk County grand jury returned indictments against the 11 of! Until the following day announced that each of the persons who appeared this! Hidden behind the wall panel prior to that time throughout the United States their..1873 Single-Action Cattleman Brass in 9mm about 15 minutes s murder began with a missing persons report to dead,... Packages contained $ 5,000 a shop in London that she used as a cover for selling stolen.... Learn of the robbery the outset, very few facts were available the! Could look for rough treatment if he ( famous criminals in the 1950s ) again was released by... 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